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Authors
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Director, G2P Research ProgramRobert Green, MD, MPH
Director, G2P Research ProgramDirector, G2P Research Program
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Experts
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CMO of 23andMeJill Hagenkord, MD
CMO of 23andMeCMO of 23andMe
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Associate Director for Translational Research, YaleRoy Herbst, MD, PhD
Associate Director for Translational Research, YaleAssociate Director for Translational Research, Yale
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Kimberly V. Talley Chair of Genetics, Professor of Pediatrics, University of OklahomaJohn Mulvihill, MD
Kimberly V. Talley Chair of Genetics, Professor of Pediatrics, University of OklahomaKimberly V. Talley Chair of Genetics, Professor of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma
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Director, Adult Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Medicine, UC-DenverMatthew Taylor, MD, PhD
Director, Adult Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Medicine, UC-DenverDirector, Adult Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Medicine, UC-Denver
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President of the American College of Medical Genetics and GenomicsGail Herman, MD, PhD
President of the American College of Medical Genetics and GenomicsPresident of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
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Director of Medical Affairs, 23andMeJeffrey Pollard, MD
Director of Medical Affairs, 23andMeDirector of Medical Affairs, 23andMe
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Internist, Geneticist, Executive Committee Member of Johns Hopkins University/NIH Genetic Counseling Training ProgramHoward Levy, MD, PhD
Internist, Geneticist, Executive Committee Member of Johns Hopkins University/NIH Genetic Counseling Training ProgramInternist, Geneticist, Executive Committee Member of Johns Hopkins University/NIH Genetic Counseling Training Program
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CEO of Claritas GenomicsPatrice Milos, PhD
CEO of Claritas GenomicsCEO of Claritas Genomics
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Clinical Cardiologist & Human GeneticistSekar Kathiresan, MD
Clinical Cardiologist & Human GeneticistClinical Cardiologist & Human Geneticist
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Physician-in-Chief, Dept of Med, MGHKatrina Armstrong, MD, MSCE
Physician-in-Chief, Dept of Med, MGHPhysician-in-Chief, Dept of Med, MGH
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Professor of Genetics and Medicine at UNC-Chapel HillJames Evans, MD, PhD
Professor of Genetics and Medicine at UNC-Chapel HillProfessor of Genetics and Medicine at UNC-Chapel Hill
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Medical & Scientific Advisory Board Member of Global GenesAyesha Khalid, MD, MBA
Medical & Scientific Advisory Board Member of Global GenesMedical & Scientific Advisory Board Member of Global Genes
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Chief Scientific Offficer, Analytical Technologies at Thermo Fisher ScientificKlaus Lindpaintner, MD, MPH, FACP
Chief Scientific Offficer, Analytical Technologies at Thermo Fisher ScientificChief Scientific Offficer, Analytical Technologies at Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Professor & Chief Maternal-Fetal Medicine Medicine, UF ObGynAnthony Gregg, MD
Professor & Chief Maternal-Fetal Medicine Medicine, UF ObGynProfessor & Chief Maternal-Fetal Medicine Medicine, UF ObGyn
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Ass. Professor of Pediatrics, Div. Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Pediatrics, Columbia UniversityUta Lichter-Konecki, MD
Ass. Professor of Pediatrics, Div. Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Pediatrics, Columbia UniversityAss. Professor of Pediatrics, Div. Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Pediatrics, Columbia University
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Healthcare Consultant at Maine Medical CenterTom Brewster, MD
Healthcare Consultant at Maine Medical CenterHealthcare Consultant at Maine Medical Center
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Assist. Prof. Clinical Medicine, Human & Molecular Genetics, Nationwide Children's HospitalKandamurugu Manickam, MD
Assist. Prof. Clinical Medicine, Human & Molecular Genetics, Nationwide Children's HospitalAssist. Prof. Clinical Medicine, Human & Molecular Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital
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Chair, Department of Genetic, University of Alabama at BirminghamBruce Korf, MD, PhD
Chair, Department of Genetic, University of Alabama at BirminghamChair, Department of Genetic, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Medical Director at Claritas GenomicsDavid Miller, MD, PhD
Medical Director at Claritas GenomicsMedical Director at Claritas Genomics
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Moderators
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Medical Student at University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineJulie Boiko
Medical Student at University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineMedical Student at University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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PhD student in human genetics at HMS/BCH/BroadMichael Guo, MD/PhD Candidate
PhD student in human genetics at HMS/BCH/BroadPhD student in human genetics at HMS/BCH/Broad
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Medical Geneticist, Mount SinaiMafalda Barbosa, MD
Medical Geneticist, Mount SinaiMedical Geneticist, Mount Sinai
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Clinical informatician at VA BostonAndrew Zimolzak, MD, MMSc
Clinical informatician at VA BostonClinical informatician at VA Boston
About the Discussion
@NEJM Ask the Authors & Experts: GINA, Genetic Discrimination, and Genomic Medicine
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In their recent publication, "GINA, Genetic Discrimination, and Genomic Medicine," that was published on January 29, 2015 in The New England Journal of Medicine, the authors reflect on GINA, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act that was signed into law in 2008.
The authors tell us that GINA was designed “to fully protect the public from discrimination” and also to “allay their concerns about the potential for discrimination, thereby allowing individuals to take advantage of genetic testing, technologies, research and new therapies.”
Why was this law passed to prevent discrimination in a group that had no well-documented history of widespread discrimination? Where are the potentials for genetic discrimination? Did the law work in calming fears of discrimination? Does the American public even know about GINA to have any affect on fears? Since GINA doesn't cover life, disability, or long-term care insurance discrimination, are we currently, or will we, see discrimination in these areas? What type of employment discrimination might some people face?
But the biggest question lies in understanding what is genetic risk? How much does it truly predict the future? How much will this be ameliorated by diet, exercise, pharmaceuticals, and gene therapy? What does genetic risk mean if all of medicine is moving toward genomic, personalized medicine?
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Authors
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Director, G2P Research ProgramRobert Green, MD, MPH
Director, G2P Research Program
Director, G2P Research Program
-
Experts
-
CMO of 23andMeJill Hagenkord, MD
CMO of 23andMe
CMO of 23andMe
-
Associate Director for Translational Research, YaleRoy Herbst, MD, PhD
Associate Director for Translational Research, Yale
Associate Director for Translational Research, Yale
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Kimberly V. Talley Chair of Genetics, Professor of Pediatrics, University of OklahomaJohn Mulvihill, MD
Kimberly V. Talley Chair of Genetics, Professor of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma
Kimberly V. Talley Chair of Genetics, Professor of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma
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Director, Adult Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Medicine, UC-DenverMatthew Taylor, MD, PhD
Director, Adult Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Medicine, UC-Denver
Director, Adult Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Medicine, UC-Denver
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President of the American College of Medical Genetics and GenomicsGail Herman, MD, PhD
President of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
President of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
-
Director of Medical Affairs, 23andMeJeffrey Pollard, MD
Director of Medical Affairs, 23andMe
Director of Medical Affairs, 23andMe
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Internist, Geneticist, Executive Committee Member of Johns Hopkins University/NIH Genetic Counseling Training ProgramHoward Levy, MD, PhD
Internist, Geneticist, Executive Committee Member of Johns Hopkins University/NIH Genetic Counseling Training Program
Internist, Geneticist, Executive Committee Member of Johns Hopkins University/NIH Genetic Counseling Training Program
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CEO of Claritas GenomicsPatrice Milos, PhD
CEO of Claritas Genomics
CEO of Claritas Genomics
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Clinical Cardiologist & Human GeneticistSekar Kathiresan, MD
Clinical Cardiologist & Human Geneticist
Clinical Cardiologist & Human Geneticist
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Physician-in-Chief, Dept of Med, MGHKatrina Armstrong, MD, MSCE
Physician-in-Chief, Dept of Med, MGH
Physician-in-Chief, Dept of Med, MGH
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Professor of Genetics and Medicine at UNC-Chapel HillJames Evans, MD, PhD
Professor of Genetics and Medicine at UNC-Chapel Hill
Professor of Genetics and Medicine at UNC-Chapel Hill
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Medical & Scientific Advisory Board Member of Global GenesAyesha Khalid, MD, MBA
Medical & Scientific Advisory Board Member of Global Genes
Medical & Scientific Advisory Board Member of Global Genes
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Chief Scientific Offficer, Analytical Technologies at Thermo Fisher ScientificKlaus Lindpaintner, MD, MPH, FACP
Chief Scientific Offficer, Analytical Technologies at Thermo Fisher Scientific
Chief Scientific Offficer, Analytical Technologies at Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Professor & Chief Maternal-Fetal Medicine Medicine, UF ObGynAnthony Gregg, MD
Professor & Chief Maternal-Fetal Medicine Medicine, UF ObGyn
Professor & Chief Maternal-Fetal Medicine Medicine, UF ObGyn
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Ass. Professor of Pediatrics, Div. Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Pediatrics, Columbia UniversityUta Lichter-Konecki, MD
Ass. Professor of Pediatrics, Div. Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Pediatrics, Columbia University
Ass. Professor of Pediatrics, Div. Clinical Genetics, Dept. of Pediatrics, Columbia University
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Healthcare Consultant at Maine Medical CenterTom Brewster, MD
Healthcare Consultant at Maine Medical Center
Healthcare Consultant at Maine Medical Center
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Assist. Prof. Clinical Medicine, Human & Molecular Genetics, Nationwide Children's HospitalKandamurugu Manickam, MD
Assist. Prof. Clinical Medicine, Human & Molecular Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital
Assist. Prof. Clinical Medicine, Human & Molecular Genetics, Nationwide Children's Hospital
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Chair, Department of Genetic, University of Alabama at BirminghamBruce Korf, MD, PhD
Chair, Department of Genetic, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Chair, Department of Genetic, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Medical Director at Claritas GenomicsDavid Miller, MD, PhD
Medical Director at Claritas Genomics
Medical Director at Claritas Genomics
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Moderators
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Medical Student at University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineJulie Boiko
Medical Student at University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Medical Student at University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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PhD student in human genetics at HMS/BCH/BroadMichael Guo, MD/PhD Candidate
PhD student in human genetics at HMS/BCH/Broad
PhD student in human genetics at HMS/BCH/Broad
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Medical Geneticist, Mount SinaiMafalda Barbosa, MD
Medical Geneticist, Mount Sinai
Medical Geneticist, Mount Sinai
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Clinical informatician at VA BostonAndrew Zimolzak, MD, MMSc
Clinical informatician at VA Boston
Clinical informatician at VA Boston
